Here is a post I wrote on another fishing message board. The original poster had ask " help on surf fishing 101" so maybe this might be the kind of information you are looking for as well. If I can answer anything else that isn't noted definitely let me know and I will do my best to steer you in the right direction.
Welcome to the dark side! It really is an absolute blast. You are likely going to get three different answers from all three of us but keep in mind there is no one right way for surf fishing, the gear or the tactics. Always use what ever is the best for you and what you feel confident in using. The below information is what works best for me:
Rods: Most rods I use are typically 10 to 12 ft, however, I do have a couple of 13 footers if I really need to reach out and get a bait out just a little bit further. For just general overall casting, my favorites are the 10 footers in 25#-50# class. I have just always felt more control with 10ft rods over anything else. A great entry level rod (and truthfully just a good overall rod) at good price point is the Okuma Longitude. That would be a great rod to go with. I believe you can pick them up at Academy. Strong backbone to use on anything from big black drum, bull reds and average sharks.
Reels: The rule of thumb that I was kind of always taught as a kid when I first started was make sure your reel is big enough to hold at least 300 yards of 30# mono. That has always been the "standard" metric. This gives you enough line capacity and strength to battle most of the fish you are going to encounter in the surf zone within casting range. Do you need 300 yards to catch big redfish? No, not at all, but when something else picks up a bait that has some REAL size to it you are going to be glad you have the line capacity. I tend to favor Avet LX reels but by no means do you have to go and spend a lot on expensive reels. One of the favorite reels of surf fisherman all up and down the coast are the Daiwa Sealine XSHA versions. They come in 20, 30, and 50 sizes and are casting machines. The 50 size is a popular choice and again at a great price point. Matched up with the Okuma longitude rod would be an outstanding setup and ready for battle. For spinning reels, if you went that route, the Daiwa BG series are great reels. I am not a spinning reel guy and only have one but the Daiwa BG's are quite popular. I have used the 8000 size for a few years and have zero complaints.
Avet LX’s with straight braid
Daiwa 50XSHA straight braid
Line: This is where you are going to get several different answers for sure. I am a straight braid guy on all my casting reels. Many people will use 50# or 65# braid backing with a mono topshot but I just run braid on the entire reel. 65# braid is a good standard to go with. It casts great with the thinner diameter and is more than strong enough to turn bigger fish. You are going to hear people say you will get cut off using braid more but I have found over the years that just isn’t true. Both braid and mono have been equally cut off for me, if not the mono just slightly more.
Leaders: As an overall standard surf casting leader, a four foot 400# leader with a 9/0 to a 13/0 circle hook will do the trick. I make mine using 4/0 barrel swivels and a 4/0 coastlock snap swivel for the weight attachment. These leaders are great for the big drum and average blacktips. Being all mono, they do get cut off from time to time by bull sharks. Chum uses his Hydromaxxx leaders which seem to work well for him. For bait leaders, I use a tripple drop rig with very small 2/0 circle hooks. For whiting, croaker and other little bait fish, the smaller hooks have an outstanding hookup ratio.
Standard bullred/drum leader for casting. 4 feet of 400# mono, 4/0 barrel swivel, 4/0 snap swivel for weight attachment, 10/0 circle hook.
Triple drop bait leader. The one pictured has 6/0 hooks on it because I was targeting slot reds but I would use the same one with the 2/0 hooks for catching bait.
Weights: 8oz has always been the standard size that the majority of people use. I am sure you have heard the term "8 and bait" thrown around a few times. How bad the current is and how big of bait I am using will dictate what size weight I will use. I use all sizes from 2oz on the small bait rods, the standard 6-8oz on the majority of casting rods to 24oz weights for our kayak deployed shark weights (that is a different topic though). One thing to remember is it is not the actual weight of the weight that gets it to hold, it is the thickness of the legs. On an average day with average conditions and current, a weight with 1/16th legs will work just fine. On days where the current is really strong I will bump it up to weights with 3/32 legs. On days where there is virtually no current and calm conditions, you can get away with using standard pyramid sinkers and storm pyramid sinkers instead of spider style weights. 9 times out of 10 though I am using spider weights so I can make sure my bait is locked in and stays exactly where I intended to put it.
8oz weights with 3/32 legs.
Various sizes from 1oz to 4oz with 1/16 legs
Simple surf rod holders. 10ft PVC cut into 5ft sections.
I will try to get some pics taken here in a bit and update the post with pictures. Maybe that would help even more. Also, if you want to PM me your address I would be more than happy to send you some leaders and weights to get you started. And like Sgrem said, any one of us would absolutely enjoy having you out there on the water with us if you'd like to go and see how to really put all of that into action and make it successful!
Hope this helps a bit and always feel free to PM me and ask anything else that I might be able to answer for you.